Way companies should handle customers and employees in a Essay

Way organizations should deal with clients and workers in a multiculturalism situation - Essay Example Way organizations should deal with clients and representatives in a multiculturalism domain? The reason for the task is to advise organization B on the need to execute the accepted procedures for imparting in a multicultural domain. The goals of the undertaking are actualized, this incorporates the proposal of the prescribed procedures and suggestions fundamental for making progress in a multicultural situation. The ends are likewise included, which summarize done by the exploration report practices and suggestions essential for making progress when managing differing societies. The globalization period has modified the manner in which organizations do business and impart across assorted societies. The Internet and current innovation have made ready to new commercial centers, which empowers organizations to advance their business in the universal or new geographic zones and societies. The world requests advertising specialists who are fit for perceiving the rising correspondence complexities across social fringes. The intercultural correspondence is getting profoundly critical in the current globalized world. This worries particularly the organizations going worldwide or the organizations completing global business just as taking care of clients from assorted social foundations. Building up the ability to comprehend the methods of the proficient correspondence with clients from changed social settings is basic. This aptitude is impera

Scientology Religion Or Bizarre Cult Essays -

Scientology: Religion Or Bizarre Cult? English 150 Sean Roberts Dec. 13/99 Scientology New Age Religion or Bizarre Cult? 1. Numerous individuals have known about the progressive new strict practice called Scientology. Be that as it may, most of individuals who have known about it, have little information on the standards and practices behind the religion. Actually, there is a clouded side behind Scientology, and much hypothesis that the religion is a conditioning faction. Numerous individuals are against the religion as a result of its mystery, its extraordinary techniques for educating and its supposed utilization of brain control. Scientology, established in 1950 (Hubbard. What is. 3), is an applied strict way of thinking (Hubbard. What is. 4), which is a part of brain research (Fundamentals. 7). Created by Lafayette Ron Hubbard, Scientology was made from revelations coming about because of Hubbard's examination into the brain and life (Fundamentals. 11). Hubbard asserted that Scientology is for the improvement of man (Fundamentals. 117), and that Scientology can be utilized by a normal individual to carry better request to their life (Fundamentals. 8). Hubbard guaranteed that Scientology improves the wellbeing, knowledge, capacity, conduct, expertise and presence of the normal individual (Fundamentals. 8). One of the most key thoughts in Scientology is the conviction that the individual man is detachable into three sections (Hubbard. What is. 5-6): The Mind, the Body and the Thetan. Hubbard accepted that the Thetan, or character of an individual, is distinct from the remainder of the brain freely, and without causing real demise or mental confusion (Fundamentals. 5-6). Hubbard was conceived in Tilden, Nebraska in 1911 (Malko 29). It is realized that Hubbard was raised on a Montana steers farm by his granddad (Malko 30), anyway little else is thought about the initial thirty years of his life (Malko 29). Hubbard's past is best summarized by George Malko, Nothing is ever exact, 2. what's more, we are never certain when and under what conditions he accomplished something or went somewhere (Malko 29). There are exceptionally expanded cases (Mallia. Judge.1) that Hubbard went all through Asia at age fourteen (Malko 31), and that he left school to lead a campaign into Central America (Malko 32). Anyway it is realized that Hubbard was a sci-fi essayist and was a natural name to American sci-fi fans before wandering into strict way of thinking (Malko 34). Hubbard was a brilliant man, and acknowledged by numerous who read his work and who knew him. Hubbard passed on of a cerebrum discharge on the 24th of January, 1986 (Corydon 406). Hubbard's sci-fi works, depicted as striking and profoundly imaginative(Malko 34) are especially fascinating on the grounds that they offer experiences into Hubbard's feeling of imagination and creative mind (Malko 34). His sci-fi works likewise open certain equals to specific Scientology standards and convictions (Hubbard. Essentials. 35). As indicated by Church of Scientology records, people previously came to earth from space 75 million years back, sent into banish here by a malevolent warlord named Xenu (Mallia. Sacrosanct. 1). Scientology is mostly utilized through the handling of an individual (Hubbard. Basics. 91-92). Scientologists allude to this methodology as reviewing, while the individual who does the preparing is called a reviewer. (Hubbard. Basics. 92). The reviewer makes individuals, at their own decision, do different activities, and these activities realize improves in knowledge, conduct and general fitness (Hubbard. Basics. 8). A reviewer must follow an exacting, and to some degree unusual arrangement of rules when preparing an individual (Hubbard. Essentials. 92). These guidelines, spread out in the reviewer's code, incorporate 3. Try not to process a person after 10 p.m. furthermore, Do not process a person who is inappropriately taken care of or hungry (Hubbard. What is. 191). The examining procedure is helped by the utilization of an uncommonly structured apparatus called an Electro-psychometer, or E-meter (Mallia. Consecrated. 2), which enables the evaluator to find zones of otherworldly misery or travail (Baskin 1). Like a falsehood indicator, the E-meter sends a mellow electrical flow of 1.5 volts through the body while the patient holds a metallic chamber in each hand (Mallia. Consecrated. 2). Scientologists accept that the photos in the psyche contain vitality and mass (Baskin 1). At the point when an individual holding the E-meter cathodes thinks an idea, takes a gander at an image or moves some piece of the responsive psyche, he is changing this psychological mass and vitality (Baskin 1). It

Assessment For Learning Essay

In spite of the fact that Hamlet and Agamemnon both follow Aristotle’s meaning of disaster, I trust Hamlet is an increasingly heartbreaking play. A lot more honest lives were taken in Hamlet than Agamemnon. Hamlet, Gertrude, Ophelia, Polonius and Laertes were totally executed because of Claudius’ misleading and tricking ways. In Agamemnon, Cassandra and Iphigenia were the main guiltless lives taken, both brought about by Agamemnon’s absence of ethics. The sheer number of passings in Hamlet that were brought about by treacherous methods and aims carries a lot of turmoil to the crowd. It holds considerably more prominent turmoil for the crowd when contrasted with Agamemnon. The degree of understanding I had with all the characters was far more noteworthy in Hamlet than in Agamemnon. Hamlet, the terrible legend in his play, was the fundamental character. The crowd had the option to interface and feel for him through his battles with avenging his dad and his numerous talks. Addressing the subject of Hamlet’s want for self destruction in his discourses gives the feeling that he is caught in his life. Despite the fact that he might be hopeless on the planet he lives in, self destruction is taboo by his religion, and in this way he is caught to remain in a world he abhors. Agamemnon doesn't show up in his play until in any event part of the way through. This makes it hard to legitimize Agamemnon, the terrible legend in his play, as the fundamental character. His better half, Clytemnestra is the fundamental character since her story is followed from the earliest starting point as far as possible of the play. Making an association with the terrible saint in Agamemnon is considerably more troublesome since the crowd doesn't get an opportunity to interface with him, eventually making his demise less lamentable and convincing to the crowd. A component of Aristotle’s meaning of catastrophe is including a terrible saint of higher standing. Both of these plays follow that component. Hamlet is the ruler of Denmark. Agamemnon is the lord of Argos, Greece. Both of these men make and mistake in judgment that in the long run prompts enduring and their last defeat. Hamlet accidently executes Polonius, trusting him to be Claudius. This sets a chain of occasions in real life that prompts the passing of himself, however numerous individuals around him. Agamemnon tragically trusts his better half upon his arrival. He strolls on the purple silk into his royal residence, where Clytemnestra executes him. This occasion feels less disastrous since the crowd nearly trusts Agamemnon merits demise for yielding his own little girl and accepting Cassandra as a mistress.

Abortion Essay -- Pregnancy Papers

Fetus removal Fetus removal has been an issue since 1820. At the outset the issue was progressively about securing specialists who have licenses. â€Å"Regular specialists hence had a motivating force to boycott fetus removal as a component of a push to drive sporadic specialists a large number of whom were ladies out of business† (Straggenborg, p.211). The AMA (American Medical Association), which was the gathering that the ordinary specialists made, began a battle that caused the individuals to accept that the white populace was getting littler and the number of inhabitants in the outsiders was rising. Premature births were made illicit to protect the security of the number of inhabitants in American residents. It appears to be odd that the main explanation that premature births were made illicit at one point was a direct result of cash issues and a desire for white supremecy. It appeared to have nothing to do with the privileges of a kid or a lady. One reason why fetus removal came into question in the start of the 1950s was because of the way that a great deal of specialists and legal advisors were seeing numerous instances of illicit premature births and it was turning into a huge social issue. Since there was an absence of rivalry for legitimate premature births, specialists found no issue making them lawful again - â€Å"They felt that premature births were legitimized in specific situations, and they started to consider the to be against fetus removal as an encroachment on their own clinical discretion† (Straggenborg, p.212). Thus the issue emerged again with some expert decision bunches shouting out. At that point with legal disputes like Griswold v. Connecticut and Roe v. Swim, premature birth again got lawful in the United States. When taking a gander at a point like fetus removal, there are numerous things that one must consider. However before we take a gander at the two sides of the issue, lets take a gander at precisely what the issue is. In the event that we were to s... ...ernet,authoritative} Lee, Dr. Ellie, â€Å" Is Abortion a Health Risk?† 2001 <<www.spiked-online.com/Articles>> {popular news, print by means of web, reputable} Katz, Nikki, Abortion Statistics, 2002 <<www.womensissues.about.com>> { unlimited, web production just, evidently credible} Low Income Uninsured Children by State 2000, 2001, 2002. 2002 <<www.census.gov/hhes/hlthins/liuc02.html>> { insightful essential, print by means of web, authoritative} Essential Statistics of the U.S. 1998, Vol 1, Natality. 1998 <<www.cdc.gov>> { insightful essential, print by means of web, authoritative} Feinberg, Joel. â€Å"Abortion.† Random House, Inc, 1986. [Scholarly essential source; print; not utilized for evidence] Rosenblatt, Roger. â€Å"How to End the Abortion War.† The New York Times Company, 1992. [Scholarly essential source; print; not utilized for evidence]

MIT salutes Harry Potter

MIT salutes Harry Potter Tomorrow night, the final Harry Potter movie will be relased.   Here in Boston, the two biggest movie theaters, the Boston Common 19 and Fenway 13 multiplexes, have sold out more than 20 midnight showings.   For many, this is the end of an era that started with the release of the first book back in the late 1990s. During the Harry Potter era, MIT has celebrated the series a number of times in the way we celebrate: with hacks. Some were grand and spectacular, others subtle and fun. Heres a rundown of Harry Potter-related hacks, courtesy of hacks.mit.edu. Harrys Scar on the Dome July 16, 2005 On the morning that Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince was published, Harrys lightning-bolt scar appeared on the Great Dome. Dark Mark over the Student Center July 21, 2007 On the morning when the final Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, was being delivered to the doorsteps of muggles, the Dark Mark appeared above the Student Center. Broomstick Parking in Stata Center July 20, 2007 On the day before the release of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, a broomstick parking area, complete with broomsticks, appeared in the Stata Center. It is unknown whose brooms were parked in Stata; the MIT Quidditch Team had not yet been formed. Building 9 ¾ from Harry Potter November 17, 2005 On the night of the release of the movie Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Building 9 was turned into Building 9 ¾. Doors, classrooms, and bathrooms throughout the building were relabeled to represent rooms in Hogwarts. (The number 9 ¾ comes from, of course, the departure platform of the Hogwarts Express train at Kings Cross Station.) Some offices were relabeled to the names of professors from the series (such as McGonagall, Moody, Flitwick, and Snape). Bathrooms were relabeled to be for Wizards and Witches, as appropriate. Some classrooms and the mail room were also renamed. And did I mention MIT researchers made an invisibility cloak?   And no, this ones not a hack

Abstraction in John - Literature Essay Samples

In the first 18 lines of John, the story of Jesus is introduced with a jarringly brief and emphatic summary of history from the beginning of time to the birth of Christ. This passage formalizes the concept, suggested more subtly in Genesis, that language precedes nature. Though in our everyday lives we consider words to be human intellectual inventions, John requires us to take a leap of faith and believe that the Word existed before the physical universe, that names of objects existed before the objects themselves. His assertion that the Word was God shows that at the center of his perception of religion lies the ultimate abstraction. The opening passage of John serves to distance God from nature. It creates a clear division between the abstract realm of the spirit and the physical world. Before beginning the story of Christ, John establishes that the realm of abstraction was the original state of the universe. When Jesus introduces the idea that it is with thoughts of this w orld that we should live our lives, his statement has already been legitimized by this assertion.Johns description of the birth of Christ is simply And the Word became flesh [1.14]. Jesus is the incarnation of his own teachings, which existed before him.Later, Jesus teachings echo this theme: It is the spirit that gives life; the flesh is useless. The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and life [6.63]. Instead of exalting himself as a man, he constantly focuses attention upon his words. He calls himself a messenger sent from God, whose function is to teach and spread the word of God. You have already been cleansed by the word that I have spoken to you [15.3]. According to Jesus himself, it is his words that effect change in the hearts of his followers; his physical presence is irrelevant. Though his working of miracles provides proof for those of little faith, it is the otherworldly promise of his message that appeals to his disciples. Jesus comes to them directly f rom that world of Word and spirit, offering a chance to follow him back into their most distant origins, already outlined by the opening of John.Jesus personal rejection of the physical world is apparent throughout the text. He is not subject to the natural desires with which normal men live. At 4.32, he claims, I have food to eat that you do not know about. He can resist hunger because his nourishment comes from the world of the spirit. As well as ignoring the laws of the physical world by changing water into wine, healing the sick, he is untouched by many of the natural emotions that influence human behavior; both lust and the desire for vengeance are unknown to him. Most striking, however, is his ease in overcoming death, the unavoidable fate of all living things within nature. Within John, Jesus is the personification of his own teachings, not a man of flesh and blood like his disciples. He is a being of pure spirit that does not live by the rules of nature as did those a mong him. However, Jesus offers himself as a replacement for nature, saying, my flesh is true food and my blood is true drink [6.55]. Furthermore, he implies that even the most harmless and seemingly necessary parts of the physical world are somehow false. He wants his followers to trust that the world of the spirit is indeed the force that sustains life. He preaches to his followers: no one can enter the kingdom of God without being born of water and Spirit.You must be born from above [2.5-2.7]. Their salvation lies in the rejection of nature and the emulation of an impossible ideal.Christs preaching of spiritual rebirth is closely linked to his treatment of his mother. Within John, she is almost entirely ignored, but in her two brief appearances her son treats her with little familial warmth. At 2.4, Jesus approaches unnecessary cruelty when he dismisses his mothers harmless comment about wine with the response, Woman, what concern is that to you and to me? My hour has not yet come [2.4]. Later, when Christ is on the cross, he breaks all ties with his mother, commanding her and his disciple to accept each other as mother and son. Tellingly, John describes the two as his mother and his disciple whom he loved [19.26], showing a clear preference for the follower who abides by Christs word than rather than the woman who brought him into the world. Jesus coldness towards his mother reveals his need to distance himself from the earthly circumstances of his birth, which run so contrary to his role as a messenger from heaven. In this respect, at least, he could theoretically empathize with the concerns of flesh and blood that naturally occupy his followers, but he chooses to ignore this bond between him and the physical world. Instead, he focuses on his relationship with his Father, constantly reminding his followers that he acts and speaks only according to his Fathers will. His Father, who has already been equated with the Word in Johns opening, is w hat gives him both his life and his purpose.Even after two thousand years of influence, Jesus words in John still seem counter-intuitive. They ask us to devalue all that seems to constitute reality and fix our thoughts on another realm that we cannot hope to see until after death. Realizing that Christs teachings were full of such difficulties and reversals of the established order, John wisely emphasizes the pre-eminence of the abstract world of the spirit, which offers us the hope for eternal life. While Matthew effectively grounds Jesus legitimacy in history, giving him roots in the Old Testament, John establishes his direct link with the realm of the spirit that existed before time.

Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate - 939 Words

To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate Many parents stress over the choice of deciding whether or not to vaccinate their children. The reason why deciding to vaccinate children is so difficult is due to the wide range of myths and side effects that are connected with vaccinations. Myths spread to parents all over the United States that the diseases don’t even exist anymore, rumors of vaccinations weakening a child’s immune system, and the risk of a child becoming autistic due to thimerisol in vaccinations. Side effects also scare parents out of getting their children vaccinated like brain damage, seizures, or allergic reactions, but then parents are pulled back to the thought of the possibility of†¦show more content†¦Because of advancements in medicine, vaccinations are becoming a widespread medium in the prevention of disease. They have provided the eradication and immunity to many deadly diseases such as smallpox, polio and rubella. Although there is no law that mandates the vaccination of child ren, they are necessary to prevent the infliction of disease and harm. By making the decision to vaccinate their children, a parent has the potential to save their lives. Vaccinations are considered to be the greatest health development of the 20th century. Because of advancements in medicine, vaccinations are becoming a widespread medium in the prevention of disease. They have provided the eradication and immunity to many deadly diseases such as smallpox, polio and rubella. Although there is no law that mandates the vaccination of children, they are necessary to prevent the infliction of disease and harm. By making the decision to vaccinate their children, a parent has the potential to save their lives. I stand firmly in believing that getting my children the recommended vaccinations for their age or what grade they are going into is the right thing. I do not believe the myths, I never have. I also do not feel there is enough evidence to show that autism is linked to vaccines. These vaccines are not only protecting my children but they are protection children around them including family and school. Today’s society with some many people movi ng to the UnitedShow MoreRelatedTo Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate1031 Words   |  5 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A lot of parents stress over the choice of deciding wither or not to vaccinate their children. The reason why deciding to vaccinate children is so difficult is due to the wide range of myths and side effects that are connected with vaccinations. Examples of myths spread to parents all over the United States is that the diseases don’t even exist anymore, rumors of vaccinations weakening a child’s immune system, and the risk of a child becoming autistic due to thimerisol in vaccinationsRead MoreTo Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesTo Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate The topic I chose for discussion is whether I would chose to follow the CDC’s (Center for Disease Control) recommendations for having my child vaccinated against certain vaccine-preventable diseases. Although no federal laws exist for mandatory vaccinations, each state has a group of required vaccines for children, prior to the enrollment in public and some private schools. So basically, if you’d like your child to go to school, they must be vaccinated. FortyRead MoreTo Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate? Essay1158 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Standard immunization currently averts an estimated two to three million deaths every year in all age groups† (â€Å"General Information†). Children along with adults should be vaccinated because these Inoculations prevent diseases, even deaths, from going around, along with keeping the environment a safer place. As people know, kids get vaccinated from the time born to about the time the child reaches teen years, although getting immunized does not precisely stop at any age. In fact, required vaccinationsRead MoreDon t Wait Vaccinate !1886 Words   |  8 PagesDon’t Wait Vaccinate! Children are one of the most precious gifts from God that an individual can receive. Since the lives of children are so important, parents do their best to take good care of their children during their youth, because they are vulnerable to many diseases due to their weak immunity. Several children suffer from sickness early in their lives, but vaccinations could stop the sicknesses from occurring. The purpose of vaccines is to give an individual immunity to a disease beforeRead MoreDon t Wait Vaccinate !2119 Words   |  9 PagesDon’t Wait Vaccinate! Children are one of the most precious gifts from God that an individual can receive. Since the lives of children are so important, parents do their best to take good care of their children during their youth because they are vulnerable to many diseases due to their weak immunity. Several children suffer from sickness early in their lives, but vaccinations could stop the sicknesses from occurring. The purpose of vaccines is to give an individual immunity to a disease beforeRead MoreWhy Should Children Vaccinate Their Children Or Not?1347 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s world, the topic of conversation is whether parents should vaccinate their children or not. There are families who believe it is beneficial to vaccinate their children and there are families who believe it is not beneficial due to potential health consequences as a result of vaccines. There are rumors being passed along about vaccines causing autism or the vaccines simply have no effects, though this is somethi ng I do not believe. Due to the current research and simply because my familyRead MoreShould I Vaccinate My Child?1236 Words   |  5 PagesWould I vaccinate my child? Vaccines are a controversial topic in the twenty-first century. Infections, diseases, and viruses have many questions surrounding them, but nobody really knows the cause for some disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). So, people blame vaccines for causing a disorder in their child, which has caused some parents to opt out of vaccinating their child. I do not agree with letting my child roam the world with no protection against deadly illnesses. I would definitelyRead MoreWhy Parents Do Not Vaccinate Their Children2085 Words   |  9 Pagesindirect societal costs (CDC, 2014). Although many benefits stem from childhood vaccination, there is still a copious amount of people who do not and will not vaccinate their children which has led to a heated debate over the whether or not vaccines are ultimately necessary (Stinchfield, 2001). There is a myriad of reasons why parents do not vaccinate their children; although, according to Matthew Daley and Jason Glanz, both of whom are pediatricians and researchers at Kaiser Permanente’s Institute forRead MoreShould You Vaccinate Your Child? Essay1813 Words   |  8 PagesKaylee Davidson English 101 Dr. Smith 14 February 2016 Should You Vaccinate Your Child? The Center for Disease Control describes vaccines as the greatest development in public health since clean drinking water. For several decades, vaccines have saved countless lives and helped eradicate some fatal diseases. The push to do away with vaccines will not only endanger our youth, but our society as a whole. Vaccination is needed to maintain a healthy balance within our country. Vaccines provide the immunityRead MoreA Parent s Refusal And The Decision Making Process1336 Words   |  6 PagesA Parent’s Refusal to Vaccinate By Michelle Whitley The word vaccinate tends to bring up controversy among parents in today’s society. For most parents vaccinating is a medical necessity when you are raising a child. Then there are a small percentage of parents who believe that vaccines are dangerous and refuse to have their children vaccinated. Why is that you might ask? There are many reasons a parent may decide not to vaccinate their children. It is not hard to find bad information on

Machiavelli, Locke, And Marx - 1369 Words

Human reason has been one of the guiding principles in our society since the beginning of time and because action is preceded by thought, these two go hand in hand. Every choice we make is based on our thinking process, differentiating between what is good or bad, and contemplating cause and effect. Machiavelli, Locke, and Marx all have distinct conceptions of human nature, which has led to a variety of conclusions regarding the political structures of society that still have resonance today, which goes to show how much of an impact their theories have. Machiavelli’s interpretation of human nature was greatly shaped by his belief in God. In his writings, Machiavelli conceives that humans were given free will by God, and the choices made with such freedom established the innate flaws in humans. Based on that, he attributes the successes and failure of princes to their intrinsic weaknesses, and directs his writing towards those faults. His works are rooted in how personal attributes tend to affect the decisions one makes and focuses on the singular commanding force of power. Fixating on how the prince needs to draw people’s support, Machiavelli emphasizes the importance of doing what is best for the greater good. He proposed that working toward a selfish goal, instead of striving towards a better state, should warrant punishment. Machiavelli is a practical person and always thought of pragmatic ways to approach situations, applying to his notions regarding politics andShow MoreRelatedPhilosophers: Niccolo Machiavelli, J ohn Locke and Karl Marx885 Words   |  4 Pages With great ideas, comes and follows great change. Niccolo Machiavelli, John Locke and Karl Marx are renowned philosophers who paved way to the most prominent forms of government in the world. Through their literature they have created a huge wave of revolutionary ideas that exist in the several forms of government to this day. On one hand, Machiavelli advocates political absolutism. It is a form of government in which the governed accept the powers granted to a single ruler usually vested in aRead MoreHuman reason has not always been a presence in our daily lives. Doing the right thing, being1200 Words   |  5 PagesWithin such societies, political spokesmen like Machiavelli, Locke, and Marx, interpret their ideas to the people, which still remain significant to this day. One of their main focuses was to raise awareness, on their ideas on trust and human reason. While Locke and Marx urge us to have faith in human reason, as a positive means to society, Machiavelli would claim the contrary. The concept of human nature and reason to both John Locke and Karl Marx juxtaposes that of Machiavelli’s, and their notionsRead MoreJohn Locke s Views On Private Property And Politics1133 Words   |  5 PagesEach Philosopher in the early modern world has different perspectives regarding private property and politics in society. Although John Locke, Niccolo Machiavelli, and Karl Marx/Frederick Engels are from different times their criticism are crucial onto the world. Being from different eras gives them a unique perspective of how one should rule or govern. Each philosopher displays his own ideas and can seemingly disagree with one another in their methods of government. Therefore when issues of maliciousRead MoreMachiavelli, Locke, By John Machiavelli1484 Words   |  6 PagesTran Robert Patch History 15 20 June 2015 Machiavelli, Locke, Marx Essay Locke would argue that Machiavelli represents the interests of monarchs who rule without the consent of the people. Locke is against absolute power; he thinks that the government should not be given all the power and that the people should get some of it. Machiavelli on the other hand would want all the power to be given to one person, so that they can make the decisions. Machiavelli argues that because of human nature, peopleRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli And John Locke974 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli, Karl Marx, and John Locke are three rationalists who, in spite of the fact that have changing feelings on how rulers should act, all think about the prosperity of the individuals from society. These three distinctive compelling figures of each of their own separate eras would in the long run make pieces out of scholarly showstoppers that give peruses a look into what the world resembled when overseeing powers ruled over social orders. The principal rationalist, Niccolà ² MachiavelliRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels1746 Words   |  7 Pagesas how private property should be handled. John Locke wrote the Second Treatise on Government where his main issue concerns the relationship of people to their government and where the lines are drawn on what the government can do that is acceptable. Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince, in which he argues that people are naturally immoral and will do what they can, whether good or bad, to maintain well-liked. In The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, the main argument is thatRead MoreEssay about Reasoning of Human Nature1611 Words   |  7 PagesReasoning of Human Nature John Locke and Karl Marx have one thing in common, they both believe in human reasoning. Humans, they suppose, have the ability to be both rational and intellectual beings; they not only learn from those around them but also from their surroundings. Niccolo Machiavelli, however, disagrees with Locke and Marx. He argues that human beings are not reasonable and are chaotic without any such order. Although these three men differ drastically in their views on life and societyRead MoreEssay on Impact of the Writers of Antiquity on Modern Times613 Words   |  3 Pagesand descriptions of their theories. Born of brilliant men like Marx and Machiavelli, to name a few, these theories are preserved in books, illustrated in day-to-day domestic and international affairs, and immortalized in modern theories and documents. They are the predecessors of present theories that have been reinterpreted for a different era and reapplied in a new context. In his most famous work, The Prince, Niccolà ³ Machiavelli discusses the ways in which to not only attain, but also retainRead MorePhilosopy: The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli Essay1773 Words   |  8 Pageswhether abortion should be legal in its entirety or legal only for those who were impregnated without their own will. John Locke, Karl Marx, and Niccolo Machiavelli all introduce their own ideas that had the potential to revolutionize the history for mankind; Locke and Marx believe in a more equal society where the government exists ultimately to serve the commonwealth, but Machiavelli believes that humans are simpleminded creatures born to follow a strong leader by incorporating fear. Although thereRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Political Philosophy Essay3649 Words   |  15 Pagesthinker, Machiavelli, in his book, The Prince, states about the nature of human. He asserted that good ruler sometimes has to learn to be not good to maintain the stability of state. Acc ording to him, man by nature is selfish, self centered and greedy. Man remains unsatisfied and aggressive. Machiavelli considers state as the highest association and citizens are not above law. The Prince is the absolute ruler of the state and should behave as a father of the nation. But the thought of Karl Marx about

The Effects Of Raising The Minimum Wage - 1311 Words

The Negative Impacts of Raising the Minimum Wage While the debate over the effects of raising the minimum wage continues, there are countless studies and statistical data to support both sides of this controversy. Often the negative impacts of these wage increases are overshadowed by those who want to help the working class who live at or below the poverty level. Do these increases actually help the ones that they were intended to help? What are the negative impacts on the rest of the working class? How do these increases affect small business, unskilled laborers and overall unemployment? Originally enacted in the 1930s to ensure fair wages for all those employed, today the minimum wage rarely benefits those it was designed to help. Increasing the minimum wage has been shown to have many negative impacts such as reducing entry level non-skilled positions, increased unemployment, and has been shown to be a key factor in increasing inflation. Surprisingly, the minimum wage does very little to help the workers it was intended to help. Data from the Bureau of Labor (2014) shows that only 4.3% out of the 75.9 million hourly paid employees earned at or below the Federal Minimum wage of $7.25 an hour with just over half of those earning less than that due to working in jobs that are exempt such as disabled workers, tipped employees, and full-time students. This population of workers currently accounts for a smaller portion of the work force than it used to and in turn onlyShow MoreRelatedEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wag e The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our countryRead MoreEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our country is beingRead MoreThe Effects Of Raising The Minimum Wage1944 Words   |  8 Pages At one point or another, minimum wage is a term that most American people will familiarize themselves with. The topic of minimum wage can sometimes be a particularly controversial one, so it is important that we understand the true effects that this has on our nation’s economy. Before the fall of our economy and the increase in prices of everyday necessities, such as monthly bills, groceries and gasoline, a family could have found it easier to survive off of this wage; however, as the prices continueRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Raising Minimum Wage805 Words   |  4 Pagessensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in government as to what the minimum wage should be. Stuck at $7 .25, Obama has suggested raising the minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negative. Minimum wage has the ability to change lives, and change the economy. Small businesses and unemploymentRead More The Negative Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesIf we took away the minimum wage, we could wipe out unemployment completely because we would be able to offer jobs at every possible skill level. -- Michele Bachmann Proponents of raising the minimum wage claim that if the minimum wage was raised, then many economic and social problems would be alleviated. This contention is at odds both with economic principles and years of creditable research. The effect of raising or even having a minimum wage has been studied extensively and theRead MoreThe Effects Of Raising Minimum Wage On The United States2322 Words   |  10 PagesThe Effects of Raising Minimum Wage My topic of interest is the effects of raising minimum wage in the U.S. Minimum wage is defined as the lowest wage permitted by law or by special agreement. In 1938, President Roosevelt signed a bill called the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which set the minimum wage at $0.25. Although, overtime inflation devalued the amount of the dollar so it was raised there on. After raising the minimum wage the cost of living would keep going up every year. Also, currentlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Raising Minimum Wage On The United States969 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage Raising minimum wage has in the recent years become a very controversial and personal issue, and although it is slowly becoming a more popular idea, some people still resist the movement. What people who oppose the adjustment of minimum wage are not considering, is that by raising minimum wage, it will allow low income families or otherwise low income individuals to earn more, in turn, allowing them to spend more money on goods and services. It will also help theRead MoreThe Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage on US Economy1507 Words   |  6 Pagesyear, the minimum wage has been increasing from less than a dollar to $7.25 now. The question that comes to everybody is that should we increase the minimum wage by too far. Does the minimum wage increase reduce the unemployment since now the current wage is high enough? Some people might think that we should increase the minimum wage in order to increase the labor supply. However, if we think deeply than this, there are more disadvantag es than advantages of increasing the minimum wage. The fartherRead MoreRaising the Minimum Wage: A Counter-Intuitive Solution Essay753 Words   |  4 PagesWhile some believe that raising the minimum wage will resolve poverty issues and lack of pay with the signing of legislation, the raising of the minimum wage to $10.10 an hour (as advocated by President Obama and the Democrats) would cause the poverty issue to be worse than it already is; inflation would occur, employees would be laid off, and minimum wage employees would lose welfare benefits, thus offsetting the wage increase. The Government should consider the effects on the American economy asRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesThe minimum wage is one of the most controversial issues on our country, which is United States has been facing last ten years. There have been never ending debates over this issue until the government, company, and others party stand together, and raise the minimum wage throughout the nations. There are communities that believe raise the minimum wage has negative impact of every sector of the country. Other communities have different beliefs over the issue, raising the minimum wage helps the poor

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 948 Words

The nineteenth century was a time where men had a certain amount of control over women’s lives, to the point where they defined their roles in society. Women at this time suffered greatly because of this and in ways that lead them to depression, anxiety, who knows what else. In the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman the main character, Jane, faces those terrible things that eventually lead her to becoming insane. The traits that make up who Jane is, provides the readers with the importance of her identity throughout the story and they also make up the context of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. Trying to free herself from her nervous depression, Jane is propelled into insanity. The first line in the story plays a big share of the story. It doesn’t give us the sense of who Jane is as a person, but it tells us important characteristics about her. â€Å"It is very seldom that mere ordinary people like John and myself secure ancestral h alls for the summer (Gilman 1392). From this line we get a sense of traits that make up what gender she is, what her marital status is and her social class is. We know her gender and her marriage due to the fact that the author talks about her husband, John. Which we don’t really know much about besides the fact that he is a doctor. Her husband is actually the doctor that prescribes her to her isolation. She’s not allowed to leave the room, she’s not allowed to write (which she loves and at one point she begins to write in a journal thatShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story pro gresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaperRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woma n suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminist encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm other

Gothic Architecture in Medieval France Free Essays

Gothic Architecture in Medieval France As with most modernization, new concepts are often refined versions of previous techniques. Although structural design during the Middle Ages was already advancing at a large scale, distortions of the classical style were not too apparent until the Gothic era occurred. Taking place during a time of turmoil with the Hundred Years’ War and the Black Plague, the Gothic age emerged right as European society was forced into a reflective change. We will write a custom essay sample on Gothic Architecture in Medieval France or any similar topic only for you Order Now With an increase in trade and a growing violation, an associated development of cities also occurred. Since it was more plausible to centralize churches and monasteries within towns, advancements of stone architecture began in order to meet the needs of the general public. First appearing in Northern France in the mid-12th century, Gothic style began mainly in these newly built or restored cathedrals. The modernization that took place within Gothic architecture directly reflected the changes that were taking place within French society. The two main structural improvements of Gothic architecture were minted arches and ribbed vaulting. Building upon the design of the intersecting arches of groin vaults (primarily seen within the Romanesque period), Gothic architects created rib vaults as a result of using diagonal and transverse arches that intersected crosswise. By switching from curved to more-pointed arches, builders were able to maximize height-space and have all the arches at approximately the same level, regardless of the arches’ widths. This allowed the inside of cathedrals to be very spacious and give the appearance of openness. Another structural advantage of the pointed Gothic vaults is its downward weight distribution. Because they require less reinforcement to keep them in position, large windows could be placed underneath the arches instead of supports, making it possible to let more light into the room. These areas were often filled with another prominent Gothic feature: stained-glass windows. Although it was not originally produced during the Gothic Era, stained-glass gained its standing with its use in cathedrals. By taking advantage f the usable space under pointed arches, architects were able to replace walls with stained-glass and transfer natural light into the building, creating a colored ambiance. Abbot Auger, the Abbot at Saint-Denis (a cathedral noted for being a precursor in Gothic architecture) coined the phrase lug nova, meaning â€Å"new light† to describe the effect of the stained-glass. Aside from transmitting light into the cathedral, the windows acted as a way to present religious illustrations and depictions of Holy Scripture. Although the glass is much more unstable than the rounding stone encasement and structure, Gothic architects were able to reinforce the glass with iron and other materials to make it withstand much weathering. A structure combining glass and stone support that became typical within French Gothic architecture was the rose window, a large circular window that combined the designs of the inside and outsides of the cathedral. The aim of overstated design of cathedrals was not limited Just to the inside of the buildings. While the stonework within the churches was more minimalist, the outsides were overfed with facades of religious sculptures. Acting as a central point to these facades, rose windows were covered in detailed stone work that was best seen from outside the cathedral. It was also a notable gothic style to have the sculptures of saints in a more unassuming manner. The statues began to have individual personalities and more nonjudgmental postures, showing the separate identities of the saints. Another feature of sculptural design was gargoyles. Acting as a way to direct rain water away from the building, gargoyles have played a key part in keeping he stone cathedrals from eroding and to minimize other water damage. Although occurring during a time of struggle, the Gothic era depicts the progression of France throughout this time. The advancements and stylistic techniques that were created continued throughout much of France’s history and even spilled into English regions. Considering many of the cathedrals of this time have remained in decent condition even 800 years later, it is safe to say that Gothic style has passed the test of time. How to cite Gothic Architecture in Medieval France, Papers

Stock Investment Analysis

Question: Discuss about theStock Investment Analysis. Answer: Introduction In the analysis of various share prices, the main aim of the analysis is usually based on the motive that the share value depicts the market value of the company in question. In this prospect, it is expected that the firms depreciation or appreciation in value will be based on the share price movements postulated over time. The management of the profits and the volatility of every share prices of a company depict the relative risks and return that should be expected from the same (Lee, and Kim, 2007). The information about the share price movement over time for every company is very important since it would determine whether an investor should put their wealth in the company or not. The main aim of every investor as a shareholder is to maximize their wealth while reducing the relevant risks that may accrue to their investment (Brennan, Jegadeesh, and Swaminathan, 2013). This research gives an instinctive analysis into the share prices of two Australian companies in the healthcare sec tor. These company are Pro Medicus Limited and JAPARA Healthcare Limited. Notably, the research takes look into the trend in weekly share prices over the last three months and create a comparison of the same. The risk and return analysis is also done to understand the company that has less risks when invested in relation to the returns postulated herein. A recommendation is drawn to give much attention to the notion of best company an investor should look for and invest. Share Price Trend Analysis The most important thing share price trend analysis is to understand the volatility in the price of the share of these company over the periods postulated. It should be noted as well that a smooth trend usually connotes less volatility which means the risks in investing in such companies is deemed to be quite less. The graph below shows the trends in the companies weekly share prices for the last three months. From the above, it is evident that the JAPARA has a lower price per share than the Pro Medicus limited. The highest price per share postulated by JAPARA is around 2.78 while that of Medicus stands at 6.271. This means that an investors would use less amount of money to acquire the shares of JAPARA than those of Medicus. In this line of thought the best parameter to gauge the performance of these stocks is the dividend policies put in place (Model, Diversification, and Rolls, 2007). it should be noted that the graph for both the two companies on share price movements is seen to be smooth showing a lesser risk in investing in them. Additionally, Pro Medicus seem to be increasing its share price from the onset which means that there is growth in the share prices over the weeks analyzed. Modigliani in his analysis critically showed that an increase in the share prices would mean a lot is happening in the company. On one hand it would mean that the companys reputation is becoming on a pos itive stance. It would also mean that there is an insider trading going on (Barber, and Odean, 2012). Which would mean that the firm is would expect a major industry place to inject good amount of capital into the firm in this case. It is only expected that more of the shares are to be bought. The rise in demand for these share would therefore increase the amounts of share premium thus pushing the share prices up. The increase in the share prices might also be due to the convergence of the shares due to pairs trading caused by companies which highly correlate (Ezama, De Liao, and Scandroglio, 2015). The high level of equilibrium correlation creates an avenue of divergence and convergence of these share prices which most investors take advantage. The advantage is taken on the basis that that as the share prices of the firms diverge of converge, arbitrage is created which causes the differential changes in the prices of various shares in question. The above results show that these com panies highly correlate in terms of the share price movements (Damodaran, 2016). Additionally, JAPARA is seen to averagely have a higher share prices than Pro Medicus. The smoot trend in the share prices for these companies shows that there is low volatility in the share prices creating a platform of low risks on the investments brought forward on the shares. Risk and Return Analysis To ascertain the volatility, it is important to understand the correlation and risks involved in investing in such stock. Additionally, the dividend policy for each company is very important as it helps us understand the real amount of cash that the investor would be accumulating over the years. It should be noted that the consistency of the firm in giving the dividend and the way in which the dividend policy changes over time. The changes brought here will depict whether the company is indeed on the good trend of creating a return or not (Asker, Farre-Mensa, and Ljungqvist, 2014). The table below shows the calculation of the risks in terms of the standard deviation and correlation with keen attention to understanding the risks involved in investing in these stocks. JAPARA LTD Pro Medicus LTD Mean 2.275153846 Mean 5.623153846 Standard Error 0.078678089 Standard Error 0.120062422 Median 2.393 Median 5.69 Mode 2.393 Mode #N/A Standard Deviation 0.283677883 Standard Deviation 0.432891219 Sample Variance 0.080473141 Sample Variance 0.187394808 Kurtosis -0.792829111 Kurtosis 0.277838493 Skewness -0.911436791 Skewness -0.505032746 Range 0.798 Range 1.576 Minimum 1.758 Minimum 4.698 Maximum 2.556 Maximum 6.274 Sum 29.577 Sum 73.101 Count 13 Count 13 Largest (1) 2.556 Largest (1) 6.274 Smallest (1) 1.758 Smallest (1) 4.698 Confidence Level (95.0%) 0.171424829 Confidence Level (95.0%) 0.261593546 From the above table, it comes out clearly that it is riskier to invest in Pro Meducis Limited than JAPARA owing to the high standard deviation postulated by Pro Medicus. In this prospect, it would be expected that the degree with which the Medicus share prices changes is deemed to be higher than those of JAPARA. One would therefore confidently accentuate that there is high level of consistency in the movements of the share price of JAPARA than those of Pro Medicus which seems to be quite volatile as depicted by high standard deviation of the same (Brown, 2012). The table shows that the standards deviation for JAPARA stands at 0.28 while that of Pro Medicus stands at 0.43. It is therefore less risky to invest in JAPARA than Pro Medicus. The next set of analysis now revolves around the investment in the portfolio containing the companies. In this prospect, we give much attention to the correlation between the stock prices of these companies and investigate on how the importance of the ir relationship for these periods of weeks postulated for our analysis. The correlation results of the investment portfolio are as shown below. JAPARA LTD Pro Medicus LTD JAPARA LTD 1 Pro Medicus LTD -0.46414701 1 The above table results reveal that these two stocks are negatively correlated. Hence as the price of one goes down, the prices of another goes up. In one line of thought this notion is deemed sufficient for the whole context pair trading since the arbitrage would form in the opposite direction. A closer look at the figure however, it shows a small correlation degree. The figure of 0.464 far from 1 which connotes a low degree of correlation stance. In this prospect, the firms are deemed to be faintly correlated. Hence the movement in the prices of JAPARA does not highly affect the movement of share prices of Pro Medicus. In trying to bring on board the advent equal investment, the two stocks have a diverse set of variation in terms of share price accumulation (Muhammad et al, 2015). The fact that the results shows a negative correlation gives us the confidence that an investor can indeed invest in the two companies and will be assured of ultimate gain. This notion is because, as the prices of shares of one company increases, the share value of the other will reduce. Either way, an investment involving this portfolio is deemed to gain a profit. Analysis of the Individual Companys Performance In the analysis of the individual companys performance, it is important to understand the earnings of the firms with respect to their share prices. Here we look into the comparison of the price earnings ratio of the companies for a given period of time in order to give a profound recommendation on the best way to invest in these stocks (Joshi et al, 2013). The graph below shows the price earnings ratio for the two companies over the period stated below. The above table shows that the change in the price earning ratio is higher for Pro Medicus while the change for JAPARA is seen to be negative. It only means that the earnings ratio is increasing at a decreasing rate for JAPARA hence this poses a risk for loss in terms of investment. The positive change inearnings ratio shown for PME is seen to be quite important as it boosts the confidence of the company shareholders hence in my recommenadion I would advise that the company should invest in PME and not JAPARA as far as the results above is concern (Downie, and Stubbs, 2013). Conclusion In conclusion, for the two type of stocks for the companies, it is important to understand that JAPARA is deemed to have a higher share value than Pro Medicus. Additionally, the risks involved in investing in Pro Medicus Limited is higher than for JAPARA Healthcare Limited as depicted by a higher risk measure (standard deviation). On the account of portfolio management, investing in the two stock is recommended as they tend to have a negative correlation which would ensure diversification fo risks involved in the investment (Joshi, Singh Ubha, and Sidhu, 2012). On the account of the investment into the price earnings ratio, JAPARA is seen to have a higher stance of positive change for which it is recommended which would ensure more profit for the investor. References Asker, J., Farre-Mensa, J. Ljungqvist, A., 2014. Corporate investment and stock market listing: a puzzle?. Review of Financial Studies, p.hhu077. Barber, B.M. Odean, T., 2012. Trading is hazardous to your wealth: The common stock investment performance of individual investors. The journal of Finance, 55(2). Brennan, M.J., Jegadeesh, N. Swaminathan, B., 2013. Investment analysis and the adjustment of stock prices to common information. Review of Financial Studies, 6(4). Brown, R., 2012. Analysis of investments management of portfolios. Damodaran, A., 2016. Damodaran on valuation: security analysis for investment and corporate finance (Vol. 324). John Wiley Sons. Downie, J. Stubbs, W., 2013. Evaluation of Australian companies scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions assessments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56. Elton, E.J., Gruber, M.J., Brown, S.J. Goetzmann, W.N., 2009. Modern portfolio theory and investment analysis. John Wiley Sons. Ezama, D.P., De Liao, B.G.G. Scandroglio, B., 2015. Economy, Psychology and Stock Investment: Analysis of variables that participate in the process of decision making. International Journal of Psychological Research, 5(1). Gilmanova, A., Shakirzyanov, R. Novenkova, A., 2015. Strategic marketing analysis of premium package products of joint stock investment commercial bank Tatfondbank. Joshi, M., Cahill, D., Sidhu, J. Kansal, M., 2013. Intellectual capital and financial performance: an evaluation of the Australian financial sector. Journal of intellectual capital, 14(2). Joshi, M., Singh Ubha, D. Sidhu, J., 2012. Intellectual capital disclosures by Indian and Australian information technology companies: A comparative analysis. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 13(4). Lee, K.C. Kim, H.S., 2007. A Fuzzy Cognitive Map Based Bi Directional Inference Mechanism: An Application to Stock Investment Analysis. Intelligent systems in accounting, finance and management, 6(1). Model, A.P., Diversification, I.I. Rolls, C.A.P.M., 2007. Investment Analysis Portfolio Management. Moroney, R., Windsor, C. Aw, Y.T., 2012. Evidence of assurance enhancing the quality of voluntary environmental disclosures: an empirical analysis. Accounting Finance, 52(3). Muhammad, N., Scrimgeour, F., Reddy, K. Abidin, S., 2015. The relationship between environmental performance and financial performance in periods of growth and contraction: evidence from Australian publicly listed companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 102. Xu, Y., Carson, E., Fargher, N. Jiang, L., 2013. Responses by Australian auditors to the global financial crisis. Accounting Finance, 53(1).

International Economics

Question: Write an essay on International Economics. Answer: Introduction The prime purpose of this study is to establish clear understanding about trade sanctions in international economics. The concept about trade sanctions is briefly demonstrated here. Furthermore, it discusses about the theoretical welfare effects on the world economy. Along with that, the effectiveness of the trade sanctions is manifested as well. Apart from this, the study analyses two specific trade sanctions in order to strengthen the concept of the topic. Before entering in the main discussion of trade sanctions, it is essential to build a concept of international trade. International trade defines the process of exchanging goods and services as well as capital across the international borders (Van den Berg, 2012). More specifically, the international trade helps to enhance the world economy where the demand, supply, and prices of the commodities and services affect the global events, as well as are affected by them too (Van Bergeijk, 2014). For example, in a case scenario, if the labor cost increases due to some political change in Asia, the manufacturing cost of an American sneaker company which is located in Asia increases. Thus, the consumers in America have to pay higher price for the sneakers that are exported by the company from Asia. Along with that, the consumers in Asia also purchase the commodity at a higher price. As a result, the economies of both the nations are affected (Van Bergeijk, 2014). Trade Sanctions As opined by McGovern (2015), the countries and the consumers are able to generate the opportunity of getting all kind of goods and services through trading globally. It has been found that all kind of commodities are not available in one country and thus the nation imports it from international market. Apart from the commodities, the services like banking, transportation, consulting, and tourism are imported by other countries. As per the statement of Yarbrough Yarbrough (2014), trade sanction is the trade penalty which is imposed by one country on another country or other countries. Moreover, the multilateral trade sanction is the penalty which can be imposed by more than one country on different nations. Patterson (2015) added in this context that the sanctions can be defined as pulling out the customary trade as well as the financial relations. In this context, it is important to mention that the financial relation is established for foreign and security policy purposes. The tra de sanction might be comprehensive (Reeve, 2014). Reeve (2014) elaborated that the comprehensive form of trade sanction forbids two nations by law where they are involved in commercial activities. The longstanding Unites States embargo (limited or total export disruption) of Cuba is one of the examples that define the comprehensive form of trade sanctions. On the other way, Levinson (2013) mentioned that the trade sanctions may be targeted. The targeted form of trade sanctions is the policy by which the transactions with specific businesses are blocked. Hakanson Dow (2012) explained the fact when the trade sanctions are used and for which purpose. This helps to understand how trade sanctions fit into broad economic sanctions. In this context, it is explained that the trade sanctions are mainly used for making the range of foreign policy goals more advance. The foreign policy goals include conflict resolution between nations, democracy and human rights promotion, nonproliferation, counternarcotics, and counterterrorism. Most recently, the cyber security is included in the foreign policy goals (Hakanson Dow, 2012). McDonald (2016) defined trade sanctions as the form of intervention where the policies are considered as an alternative to military force. More specifically, trade sanction is the lower risk, lower cost and middle course of actions between diplomacy and war (McDonald, 2016). The policy makers of trade sanctions consider the policies in order to response to foreign crisis when military actions are not feasible there. Howev er, Yarbrough Yarbrough (2014) mentioned that the trades sanction policies and programs differ country to country (Refer to Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). Theoretical Welfare Effects on the World As mentioned by Van Bergeijk (2014), the trade sanctions can be imposed by the European Union (EU), the UN Security Council, and any individual countries. However, the Security Council first instituted the trade sanctions and it was adopted later by the European Union in form of Council decisions and regulations (Van Bergeijk, 2014). Sometimes the purpose of the sanction imposing countries is to change the undesirable behavior. For example, such case has been marked when Syria is imposed trade sanctions by European Union. Furthermore, sanctions are imposed in order to restrain the opportunity for undesirable behaviors. Supporting with an example, trade sanctions are imposed in Iran where extensive restrictions are made on technology or knowledge in the nuclear sector. However, world economy is affected by both the trade imposed as well as the trade imposing countries (Giumelli Ivan, 2013). McDonald (2016) described that the trade sanctions have some welfare effects on the world economy. The trade sanction is considered as the protectionism policy that restrains the quantity of goods and services that need to be imported. The sanctions are widely practiced by the nations that enhance the trade openness in the world economy (Yarbrough Yarbrough, 2014). Through imposing tariff on imported goods and with the help of restrictive quotas, the governments of the nations are maintaining the balance of the trade. Several legislations and regulations of governments limit the amount of commodities a country imports and the amount of goods and services a country exports (Hakanson Dow, 2012). Thus, it can be stated that fair competition between imports and production is allowed by the trade sanctions. Yarbrough Yarbrough (2014) added that the trade sanctions are imposed to protect the sunrise industries or the infant industries. In this context, it is important to define the suns hine industries; the firms which are involving new technologies in their business. The protectionism policy of trade sanctions allow such businesses develop, grow and become globally competitive (Cirone Urpelainen, 2013). As the global competition increases, the world economy will be benefited more (McDonald, 2016). As the domestic industries are protected by these policies and programs, the possibility of enhancing comparative advantages also increases. In order to support it with an example, when certain firms are protected from competition and benefited from the economies of scale, they are able to expand their businesses. This further helps to acquire more competitive advantages. As a result, they might invest more in real capital as well as human capital and thus the skills and capabilities as a whole will be improved (Hakanson Dow, 2012). It has been mentioned before that through imposing tariff on imported goods and services, the balance of trade maintained. According to Hakanson Dow (2012), the cost of imports is increased due to the imposed tariff. Hence, as a result, the consumers surplus is declined. It is way much difficult to find out the benefits of the consumers from the tariffs. For example, high tariff is imposed by European Union on United Kingdom on the agricultural products in order to protect the EU farmers. As a result, the consumers in United Kingdom had to pay higher prices for the agricultural products. The benefits are noted in the long run. The high tariff might drive the domestic firms to improve their businesses and hence the country would be able to produce more. On the other way, this agricultural tariff benefitted the European farmers as they had been protected from cheaper competition (McDonald, 2016). Furthermore, Van Bergeijk (2014) explained that the tariff increases the revenue of the g overnment. As per the previous discussed case scenario, it can be stated that if the tariff increases by a small percentage, the revenue of the sanction imposing country will increase. On contrast, if the sanction imposing country imposes too high tariff, then no import will be made by the sanction imposed nation. As a result, the government revenue of the sanction imposing country will be declined (Cirone Urpelainen, 2013). Thus, it can be stated that the benefits from the trade sanction depends on the factors of the sanctions (Van Bergeijk, 2014). Objectives and Effectiveness of Sanctions As per the statement of Bapat et al. (2013), the objectives and purposes behind imposing trade sanctions vary from country to country. There is a need to explore the hidden agendas which are embedded in their imposing sanctions and stated goals as well. Giumelli Ivan (2013) described the goals of imposing trade sanctions into five categories that include punishment (deterrence), compliance (coercion), destabilization (subversion), signaling, and symbolism (demonstrative effect). The punishment category defines that such sanctions are imposed to prevent wrong activities so that the economy as whole are not affected. The goal is not necessarily to rehabilitate the wrong-doers; it is for deterring others from such wayward behavior (Giumelli Ivan, 2013). Cirone Urpelainen (2013) defined the category compliance where countries impose trade sanctions in order to drive their target by altering policies and behaviors as well. Further, some nations impose sanctions to destabilize the targe t government. Supporting with an example, in the year 1948, Stalin imposed economic sanctions against Yugoslavia to replace Tito with a pro-Soviet leader (Bapat et al., 2013). According to Urpelainen (2013), the imposition of trade sanctions deliver a signal to the sanction imposing country to resolve both the target and allies. More specifically, certain polices incorporated in the sanctions ensure that the economic goals will be achievable by proper balance of exchanging goods. Cirone Urpelainen (2013) stated that symbolism category defines that the policies embedded in the sanctions carry the symbol of success of the sanction imposing country. The above discussion states that the trade sanction helps the imposing countries to acquire the objectives stated behind this. In context of the effectiveness of trade sanctions, Bapat et al. (2013) stated that sanctions allow the countries to serve trade bans as an essential policy lever. It helps the countries to block funds from flowing to rogue regimes unilaterally or multilaterally. Lowenberg (2015) argued in this context that trade sanctions are not an effective policy in achieving the objectives. The monetary pressure weakens the economic conditions of the sanction imposed countries and thus it hampers the trade relation of the countries (Bapat et al., 2013). Analysis of two Specific Sanctions Rosenthal (2013) discussed about the sanction against Liberia which was imposed by the Security Council in the year 1992. The authority imposed 'smart' sanction on the country in order to achieve the objective of forcing Monrovia to cease support for the RUF (Revolutionary United Front) of Sierra Leone. As a result, this particular sanction necessitated an embargo form through which senior members of the Government of Liberia imposed bans on timber and diamond. Apart from this, Baldwin (2013) discussed about the sanction against Iraq which was imposed on 6th August, 1990. The sanction was imposed by UN Security Council after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. The oil industry and oil sale of Iraq was controlled totally by the US-UK Occupation Authority (The effect on oil production is referred in Appendix 3). Though the objectives behind the sanction was not achieved as a wide range of sanction issues were noticed (Baldwin, 2013). Conclusion The study concludes that the international trade helps to increase the world economy. In the international market, the demand, supply, and prices of the commodities and services are affected by the sanctions imposed by several nations. It further concludes that through this policy, the nations and the consumers are able to obtain the scope of acquiring all kind of commodities and services. It has been found that trade sanction is the trade penalty that is imposed by one state on other states. On the other way, the multilateral trade sanction is the penalty policy that is imposed by more than one nation. Moreover, the study brought out that the comprehensive form of trade sanction includes two nations by law where they are engaged in commercial activities. Furthermore, the targeted form of trade sanctions is the penalty by which the transactions with particular businesses are blocked. The study discussed both the positive and negative viewpoints of the economists in the context of eff ectiveness of the trade sanctions. The study has brought out and analyzed two specific trade sanctions that are sanction against Liberia and sanction against Iraq. References List Baldwin, D. A. (2013). 2 UN/Unilateral Sanctions Regimes.A Strategic Understanding of UN Economic Sanctions: International Relations, Law and Development,109, 19. Bapat, N. A., Heinrich, T., Kobayashi, Y., Morgan, T. C. (2013). Determinants of sanctions effectiveness: sensitivity analysis using new data.International Interactions,39(1), 79-98. Cirone, A. E., Urpelainen, J. (2013). Trade sanctions in international environmental policy: Deterring or encouraging free riding?.Conflict Management and Peace Science, 0738894213491182. Giumelli, F., Ivan, P. (2013). The effectiveness of EU sanctions.An Analysis of Iran, Belarus, Syria and Myanmar (Burma)'. EPC Issue Paper, (76). Hakanson, L., Dow, D. (2012). Markets and networks in international trade: on the role of distances in globalization.Management International Review,52(6), 761-789. Levinson, C. (2013).International Trade Unionism (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Lowenberg, A. D. (2015). Busted Sanctions: Explaining Why Economic Sanctions Fail.Journal of Economic Literature,53(4), 1023-1024. McDonald, B. (2016).The world trading system: the Uruguay Round and beyond. Springer. McGovern, E. (2015).International trade regulation(Vol. 2). Globefield Press. Patterson, G. (2015).Discrimination in International Trade, The Policy Issues: 1945-1965. Princeton University Press. Reeve, R. (2014).Policing international trade in endangered species: the CITES treaty and compliance. Routledge. Rosenthal, J. H. (2013). Economic Sanctions.The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Urpelainen, J. (2013). Promoting International Environmental Cooperation Through Unilateral Action: When Can Trade Sanctions Help?.Global Environmental Politics,13(2), 26-45. Van Bergeijk, P. A. (2014).Economic diplomacy and the geography of international trade. Edward Elgar Publishing. Van den Berg, H. (2012). International Economics A Heterodox Approach. Routledge. Yarbrough, B. V., Yarbrough, R. M. (2014).Cooperation and governance in international trade: The strategic organizational approach. Princeton University Press.

Reviewing Your College Test Essay Sample

Reviewing Your College Test Essay SampleWhen you're reading through college test essay samples for the first time, your brain will automatically draw a comparison to reading book or magazine articles. Now that you know that they share some commonalities, you should expect that they will also have their own specific advantages and disadvantages.One major difference between the written essay samples for a college test and newspaper articles is that the second example will be much longer than the average written essay. And this time you can bet that you won't be able to just skim the document so you can quickly read back what you just read.These college test essay samples are longer because they contain an extensive amount of information. This means that they will require you to fully understand the material before you can really apply what you've learned to the information that you are now reading.If you do not fully grasp all of the different situations that are presented in these ess ays, then you will not be able to apply what you have read correctly. Some people may also feel that the information is too complex to understand if they've never taken a course on the subject. While it's true that this type of writing requires some degree of technical skill, there is always the option of finding an instructor or someone who is familiar with the material.When you read through the various essay samples, you will find that some examples are designed to give you clear instructions. By doing this, you will be able to follow the suggested sequence of actions, which means that you will be able to remember the information and successfully answer the test.For those who want to get a jump start on their college course work, the sample essay is often followed by a list of required reading, which can be found on the first page of the document. This is a great way to review what you have learned since the previous assignment was completed.In addition to this, some college test essay samples will also include a problem solving section. Some examples will provide answers to questions, while others simply require you to come up with a solution on your own.The important thing to remember when looking at these essay samples is that they are primarily designed to teach you the format for the next assignment. You should try to keep this in mind while making sure that you are reviewing the essay as soon as possible.

Saint Peter Claver Essays - Peter Claver, Claver, Society Of Jesus

Saint Peter Claver Angel Mendoza Saint Peter Claver St. Peter Claver was born at Verdu, Catalonia, Spain, in 1580. He descended from a very distinguished family . When he became a young man he entered the society of Jesus . He studied at a Jesuit college in Barcelona . Then he went to Majorca to study philosophy . While he was studying philosophy, he was very much influenced by St. Alphonsus Rodriguez to go to the Indies and save the millions of slaves . In 1610 , he landed at Cartagena ( that's where thousands of slaves landed every month ). That's where he dedicated himself to the service of the Negro slaves . There he labored them by feeding them, nursing them , teaching about Christ , baptizing thousands of slaves . At night he would spend time praying for them . In 1654 , at the age of seventy one he was very ill that he died in his cell , which he was kept there for four years very ill . I choose Peter Claver as my Confirmation Saint b/c He's a great model , he shows us not to be selfish . He was a very giving man , he helped other people , he helped the slaves in so many ways , He's just an inspiration he was a very Godly man . I Also like St. Michael b/c He's a great Saint , he's an Ark Angel and he defeats Satan and listens to God. Religion Essays

Choose the Right Setting for Your Play

Choose the Right Setting for Your Play Before you sit down to write a play, consider this: Where does the story take place? Developing the right setting is essential to creating a successful stage play. For example, suppose you wanted to create a play about a James Bond-styled globe-trotter who travels to exotic locations and gets involved with lots of intense action sequences. It might be impossible to effectively bring all of those settings to life on the stage. Ask yourself: Is a play the best way to tell my story? If not, perhaps you may want to start working on a movie script. Single Location Settings Many plays take place in a single location. The characters are drawn to a specific place, and the action unfolds without dozens of scene changes. If the playwright can invent a plot that focuses on a limited amount of settings, half the battle of writing is already won. Sophocles of Ancient Greece has the right idea. In his play, Oedipus the King, all of the characters interact on the steps of the palace; no other set is needed.  What started in ancient Greece still works in modern theater bring the action to the setting.   Kitchen Sink Dramas A kitchen sink drama is typically a single location play that takes place in a familys home.  Often time, that means that the audience will see only one room in the house (such as the kitchen or dining room).  This is the case with such dramas as A Raisin in the Sun.   Multiple Location Plays Plays with a wide variety of dazzling set pieces are sometimes impossible to produce. British author Thomas Hardy wrote an enormously long play entitled The Dynasts. It begins in the farthest reaches of the universe, and then zooms down to earth, revealing various generals from the Napoleonic Wars. Due to its length and the complexity of the setting, it has yet to be performed in its entirety. Some playwrights don’t mind that. In fact, playwrights such as George Bernard Shaw and Eugene O’Neil often wrote complex works that they never expected to be performed. However, most dramatists want to see their work brought to life on stage. In that case, it is essential for playwrights to narrow down the number of settings. Of course, there are exceptions to this rule. Some plays take place on an empty stage. The actors pantomime objects. Simple props are used to convey the surroundings. Sometimes, if a script is brilliant and the actors are talented, the audience will suspend its disbelief. They will believe that the protagonist is traveling to Hawaii and then on to Cairo. So, playwrights must consider: will the play work best with actual sets? Or should the play rely upon the audience’s imagination? Relationship Between Setting and Character If you would like to read an example of how details about setting can enhance the play (and even reveal the nature of the characters), read the analysis of August Wilsons Fences.  Youll notice that each part of the setting description (the garbage cans, the unfinished fence post, the baseball hanging from a string) represents the past and present experiences of Troy Maxson, the plays protagonist. In the end, the choice of setting is up to the playwright. So where do you want to take your audience?

Quality & Safety Education for Nurses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quality & Safety Education for Nurses - Essay Example The second competency is that of teamwork and collaboration and its relevance is in the effective functioning within inter-professional teams and nursing, open communication fostering, shared decision making and mutual respect to achieve quality care for patients. The third competency is that of evidence based practice (EBP) which aims at integrating best current evidence with patient/family preferences and values and clinical expertise for delivery of best health care. The fourth competency involves quality improvement (QI) which mostly uses data in monitoring the outcomes of care processes and using improvement methods in designing and testing changes to help in continuous improvement of the quality and safety of the health care systems. The fifth competency is safety and involves minimization of risk of harm to providers and patients through both individual performance and system effectiveness. The sixth and last competency is informatics and deals with information and technology use in communicating, managing knowledge mitigating error and supporting decision making. Students should be able to explain why technology and information skills are important for patient care that is

Annotated bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Annotated bibliography - Assignment Example The dancers therefore wore appropriate costumes and practiced sophisticated dance moves. The French noble created the minuet, which became popular at the time. The dance involved systematic movement of the legs and hands among other body parts. The dancers maintained harmony as they moved the various parts systematically and in tandem with the rhythm of the music. Hilton Wendy and Susan Bindig trace the life of Hilton Wendy, a renowned choreographer, dancer, teacher and dance scholar. In doing this, the two discover the relationship between the various classical dance styles thereby showing that the classical baroque dance metamorphosed into numerous other successive dance styles possibly having influence in some of the contemporary dance styles. They explain that baroque dance just as any other dance style was a cultural product associated with the baroque music. Dancers at the time wore systematic costumes that enhance their body movements as they danced to the sophisticated baroque music. Harmony was an overriding thematic issue in the various dance styles in the baroque era. The two scholars investigation Hilton’s evidence of the relationship in various dance styles beginning with ballerina to ballet among many others before ending with the French Noble style which was a major genre of the baroque dance between 1690 and 1725. Such a systematic relationship between the various dance-styles that became popular in various eras proves their thesis that as a cultural concept, dance has transmuted sequentially through time. Sparti, Barbara. Breaking down barriers in the study of Renaissance and baroque dame. Dance Chronicles Volume 19, Issue 3. 255-276, 1996. Internet resource. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1080/01472529608569249#tabModule Sparti Barbara sets to clarify the difference between renaissance and the baroque dance, which appear confusing to most people. She begins by explaining that the

Disadvantages of Physical Education

Disadvantages of Physical Education Mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school is designed with the best intentions like promoting a healthier lifestyle, and aiding students in uncovering their potential talent. But as good as these intentions may seem they all fall short of its goals due to restricting students freedom of choice, a mounting budget deficit, and constant bullying. All these countless shortfalls cause a string of unforeseen problems such as impairing academic success, vast emotional damage, immense psychological harm, and painful physical damage. Although many parents consider physical education as an important part of the public education system, children should not have to participate in physical education if they do not want to. Physical Education should not be mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school since it impairs learning, emotional, and physical harm to students causing immense damage that are not beneficial to students. I am troubled about mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school. Physical education went through a long journey to become what it is today. It all started in 776 B.C. where Greeks held the first Olympiad. Later on in 1814 Demark establishes the Bill of 1814 the first ever compulsory physical education bill. In 1825 Charles Beck becomes the first teacher to teach physical education. In 1866, California passed the physical education legislation, becoming the first state to ever do so. Afterwards in 1896 Athens, Greece held the first modern Olympic game (Zeigler). Throughout all these years, physical education maintained its core values, fostering an environment for students to improve their comprehension, skill sets, capacities, and principles (Kelso). Problem starts when physical education becomes mandatory especially in schools where all these values begin to shift for the worst part. Students lose their freedom of choice, being forced into a highly co mpetitive world of sports where injuries, psychological drama, and fear of losing become a predominant possibility (FLEMING). Whether physical education should be made mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school is a highly controversial topic since physical education comes with a heavy price by stripping students of their freedom of choice, and a enhanced education due to lack of funding. Making physical education mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school intensifies an ongoing budget crisis. In just the state of California alone there is already an 11.2 billion dollar deficit. Across the United States, state tax revenues are down because of the worldwide economic slump. Each year schools receive only limited amounts of state and federal funding, funds depend on population and student academic performance (BBC). According to the Los Angeles Times many schools are already struggling with increased furloughs, and widespread teacher layoffs(Mehta). If physical education were to become mandatory then funds would be stretched even more sparsely. For example making physical education compulsory in elementary and high schools nationwide would be establishing an entirely new department just for physical education, and building new gyms and football fields. All these so called innovations take away scarce resources which could have been bette r used on vital academic lessons. Our students deserve a better future and making physical education mandatory is not the answer. Ms. Weissman, the current head of physical education at Tenafly High School argues that physical education helps students uncover their hidden talent, and helps them use it to their full potential (Weissman). I cannot argue the fact that physical education allows students to try out diverse sports and experience a variety of sports. Nevertheless students can uncover their talents outside of school sidestepping the bullying and physiological damage that usually occurs with physical education. According to a nationwide poll in 2004 done by Southwest Wisconsin Youth Survey 19% of all teens responded to some or quite a bit when asked how much do you worry about being picked on or physically hurt by another teen? (SWYS). Also, 19% is an enormous number that means that two out of every ten students are being bullied. Besides 19% is an understatement since most students that are bulled are too ashamed, scared, or hurt to admit it. There are countless more students that are being bullied but are not documented. Students have a hard time learning when they are constantly being bullied and put down by fellow classmates. Being successful in sports only occurs when both talent and interest are mixed in. Physical education in school only impairs on student academic success it should not be made mandatory. Cristina S. Barroso the current assistant professor of health promotion and behavioral science at University of Texas Health Science Center argues that physical education should be mandatory since the government is concerned about the well being of its citizens by promoting physical activity in students through mandatory physical education assists students in fighting obesity, and maintaining long-term habits of working out (Barroso). While I cannot argue the fact that physical activities promote good health my point is that students should at least be allowed a choice. They should be able to do what they want with their body. They are young sensible adults on the verge of adulthood and deserve to be able to make their own decisions and learn from their own mistakes, it is all part of life and growing up. An essay appeared in Journal of Law and Education, a journal published by the University of South Carolina Law Center. In School Liability: The Danger of Mandatory Physical Educatio n Classes, Heather Sanders the Health argues that forcing students to do what they may not want to do can lead to dire consequences. Consequences like depression, injuries, and anxiety are just a few of the many consequences that occur when physical education becomes mandatory (Sanders). It is also outrageous to say that physical education can actually make a real world difference to students health. Physical education is highly inefficient; there are countless more efficient ways of ensuring a healthy population than forcing students to run a lap once a week, a simple change in their diet to healthier foods and walking instead of driving to school would do just fine (NCCDPH).Taking away freedom of choice for students is a big mistake since having freedom is essential to being an America, physical education should not be compulsory in public education for students in elementary through high school. No one can argue the fact that exercise is highly beneficial for people of all ages but making physical education mandatory for students in elementary through high school is not the answer. The goal of physical education is to encourage a healthier lifestyle, promoting students to become well rounded individuals, and assisting students in finding their potential talent, but in reality all these benefits fall short once physical education becomes mandatory. Once students lose their freedom of choice, have budget cuts kick in, and are constantly being bullied a series of unforeseen problems arises such as underperforming academically, vast emotional damage, immense mental suffering, and constant physical abuse. Disadvantages Of Physical Education Disadvantages Of Physical Education Mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school is designed with the best intentions like promoting a healthier lifestyle, and aiding students in uncovering their potential talent. But as good as these intentions may seem they all fall short of its goals due to restricting students freedom of choice, a mounting budget deficit, and constant bullying. All these countless shortfalls cause a string of unforeseen problems such as impairing academic success, vast emotional damage, immense psychological harm, and painful physical damage. Although many parents consider physical education as an important part of the public education system, children should not have to participate in physical education if they do not want to. Physical Education should not be mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school since it impairs learning, emotional, and physical harm to students causing immense damage that are not beneficial to students. I am troubled about mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school. Physical education went through a long journey to become what it is today. It all started in 776 B.C. where Greeks held the first Olympiad. Later on in 1814 Demark establishes the Bill of 1814 the first ever compulsory physical education bill. In 1825 Charles Beck becomes the first teacher to teach physical education. In 1866, California passed the physical education legislation, becoming the first state to ever do so. Afterwards in 1896 Athens, Greece held the first modern Olympic game (Zeigler). Throughout all these years, physical education maintained its core values, fostering an environment for students to improve their comprehension, skill sets, capacities, and principles (Kelso). Problem starts when physical education becomes mandatory especially in schools where all these values begin to shift for the worst part. Students lose their freedom of choice, being forced into a highly co mpetitive world of sports where injuries, psychological drama, and fear of losing become a predominant possibility (FLEMING). Whether physical education should be made mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school is a highly controversial topic since physical education comes with a heavy price by stripping students of their freedom of choice, and a enhanced education due to lack of funding. Making physical education mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school intensifies an ongoing budget crisis. In just the state of California alone there is already an 11.2 billion dollar deficit. Across the United States, state tax revenues are down because of the worldwide economic slump. Each year schools receive only limited amounts of state and federal funding, funds depend on population and student academic performance (BBC). According to the Los Angeles Times many schools are already struggling with increased furloughs, and widespread teacher layoffs(Mehta). If physical education were to become mandatory then funds would be stretched even more sparsely. For example making physical education compulsory in elementary and high schools nationwide would be establishing an entirely new department just for physical education, and building new gyms and football fields. All these so called innovations take away scarce resources which could have been bette r used on vital academic lessons. Our students deserve a better future and making physical education mandatory is not the answer. Ms. Weissman, the current head of physical education at Tenafly High School argues that physical education helps students uncover their hidden talent, and helps them use it to their full potential (Weissman). I cannot argue the fact that physical education allows students to try out diverse sports and experience a variety of sports. Nevertheless students can uncover their talents outside of school sidestepping the bullying and physiological damage that usually occurs with physical education. According to a nationwide poll in 2004 done by Southwest Wisconsin Youth Survey 19% of all teens responded to some or quite a bit when asked how much do you worry about being picked on or physically hurt by another teen? (SWYS). Also, 19% is an enormous number that means that two out of every ten students are being bullied. Besides 19% is an understatement since most students that are bulled are too ashamed, scared, or hurt to admit it. There are countless more students that are being bullied but are not documented. Students have a hard time learning when they are constantly being bullied and put down by fellow classmates. Being successful in sports only occurs when both talent and interest are mixed in. Physical education in school only impairs on student academic success it should not be made mandatory. Cristina S. Barroso the current assistant professor of health promotion and behavioral science at University of Texas Health Science Center argues that physical education should be mandatory since the government is concerned about the well being of its citizens by promoting physical activity in students through mandatory physical education assists students in fighting obesity, and maintaining long-term habits of working out (Barroso). While I cannot argue the fact that physical activities promote good health my point is that students should at least be allowed a choice. They should be able to do what they want with their body. They are young sensible adults on the verge of adulthood and deserve to be able to make their own decisions and learn from their own mistakes, it is all part of life and growing up. An essay appeared in Journal of Law and Education, a journal published by the University of South Carolina Law Center. In School Liability: The Danger of Mandatory Physical Educatio n Classes, Heather Sanders the Health argues that forcing students to do what they may not want to do can lead to dire consequences. Consequences like depression, injuries, and anxiety are just a few of the many consequences that occur when physical education becomes mandatory (Sanders). It is also outrageous to say that physical education can actually make a real world difference to students health. Physical education is highly inefficient; there are countless more efficient ways of ensuring a healthy population than forcing students to run a lap once a week, a simple change in their diet to healthier foods and walking instead of driving to school would do just fine (NCCDPH).Taking away freedom of choice for students is a big mistake since having freedom is essential to being an America, physical education should not be compulsory in public education for students in elementary through high school. No one can argue the fact that exercise is highly beneficial for people of all ages but making physical education mandatory for students in elementary through high school is not the answer. The goal of physical education is to encourage a healthier lifestyle, promoting students to become well rounded individuals, and assisting students in finding their potential talent, but in reality all these benefits fall short once physical education becomes mandatory. Once students lose their freedom of choice, have budget cuts kick in, and are constantly being bullied a series of unforeseen problems arises such as underperforming academically, vast emotional damage, immense mental suffering, and constant physical abuse.